PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.